Regulation of CBD products in Europe is rapidly becoming more restrictive, with Greece and France moving toward stricter controls while legal uncertainty grows around how national rules align with EU internal market law.
In Greece, the government is planning to ban the commercial sale of CBD cannabis, even in cases where products comply with EU limits on THC. A state advisory body has reportedly warned that such a ban could conflict with EU rules on the free movement of goods within the single market. Despite this, the government is continuing with the proposal, citing public health concerns and the need for clearer regulatory control.
Critics argue that a total ban could harm legal businesses operating within the framework of EU-compliant hemp production and potentially trigger legal disputes if EU law is invoked. The central issue is whether a member state can prohibit products that are legally produced and traded in other parts of the European Union.
France introduces full CBD food ban from 2026
In France, a new regulation will come into force on 15 May 2026 banning all food products containing CBD. This includes oils, beverages, and edible products that contain cannabidiol.
The decision has sparked strong reactions from industry representatives, who estimate that more than 2,000 specialised stores could be affected. They argue that the measure is disproportionate and that the transition period is too short for businesses to adapt.
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Italy shows how EU law can limit national bans
A similar debate has already taken place in Italy, where the government under Giorgia Meloni attempted to restrict sales of low-THC cannabis, often referred to as cannabis light.
The measures faced significant legal challenges based on EU principles regarding the free movement of legally produced goods. Following legal scrutiny and pressure related to EU law, Italy was forced to adjust its approach in parts, highlighting the limits of national restrictions within the EU framework.
Fragmented regulatory landscape across Europe
Overall, the situation in Greece, France, and Italy reflects a fragmented and rapidly evolving regulatory landscape for CBD products in Europe. While some countries are moving toward stricter regulation, others maintain more open frameworks, creating uncertainty for businesses, investors, and consumers.
The ongoing question is how far national governments can go in restricting CBD and hemp-related products without violating EU internal market rules.
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